摘 要

本实验从江西南昌，江苏南京两地枫香根际枫土壤中分离纯化出45株细菌。首先通过圈晕法进行菌种初筛，筛选出10株具有解有机磷能力的菌株，其中JX7，JX11，JX13解磷圈与菌落直径比值较大在2.0以上，占所有菌株的30%，而JX11比值最大，达到2.84。将这10株菌接种到蒙金娜液体培养基中进行液体培养复筛，筛选出8株高效解有机磷菌株，JX7解磷率最高达2.32%，其菌体发酵液可溶性磷含量达到了11.0mg·L^-1，是CK(对照)的6.47倍。

通过对菌株JX7和JX18在NB培养基中生长曲线绘制发现JX7生长速度较快，几乎没有停滞期，16h左右进入稳定增长期；JX18有接近7h的停滞期，随后进入指数期，在36h左右达到最高生长浓度。

通过不同时间在对菌株JX7和JX18在蒙金娜液体培养基中解有机磷能力的测定发现随着培养时间的延长，培养液的pH值略有波动，但幅度不大。可溶磷含量先逐渐增加，逐步趋于稳定，然后略有下降。当培养时间为3d时，菌株JX7的可溶磷含量达到最高峰，为6.52mg·L^-1。当培养时间为5d时,菌株JX18的可溶磷含量出现最高峰，达到6.99mg·L^-1。

关键词：枫香 根际土壤 解有机磷细菌 筛选

Screening Of Highest Organic Phosphorus-solubilizing Bacteria From The Rhizosphere Of Liquidambar Formosana Hance

Abstract

The laboratory isolated and purified about 45 organic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria from the soil of Liquidambar formosana Hance rhizosphere’s that can represent the regions of Jiangsu province and Jiangsxi province .We get screened 10 organic phosphorus -solubilizing bacteria by Initial screening，Which is screened by transparency circle。The diameter ratios of transparency circle and Colony diameter in bacteria JX7,JX11 and JX13 is more than 2.0,Accounting for 30% of all strains. Especially in bacterium JX7，The diameter ratio is up to 2.84.In further filter,we screened 10 kinds of bacteria through Meng Jinna organophosphorus medium by liquid culture ,8 efficient organicphosphorus-solubilizing bacteria found after three days culture. The solubilizing rate of JX7 is 2.32% and the fermenting soluble phosphorus of bacterium JX7 reached 11.0 mg·L ^{- 1} ,9.80 times than CK（antiese）.

By drawing the growth curve picture of bacterium JX7 in Meng Jinna liquid organophosphorus medium ，We found it has a rapid growth rate.The JX7 nearly has no lag phase ,it went into its stationary phase around 16 hours .In bacterium JX18,is has a lag phase of 7 hours,then it went into exponential phase,it has the highest growth concentration in about 36 hours.

By texting the organic phosphorus-solubilizing ability of Bacterium JX7 and JX18 in Meng Jinna liquid organophosphorus medium at different inoculation time.We Found that with incubation time prolonged,the pH value has a little fluctuation, the fermenting soluble phosphorus has a large fluctuation,in the first, it increased ,then gradually stabilized and at last declined slightly.when we cultured three days , the fermenting soluble phosphorus of bacterium JX7 reached a peak at 11.0 mg·L ^{– 1},in the 5th day , the bacterium JX18 reached its peak at 11.0 mg·L ^{– 1}.

Keywords: Liquidambar formosana Hance Rhizosphere organic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria screen

目 录

第一章 文献综述 1

1．磷的重要性及土壤中磷的概况 1

2．解有机磷细菌研究现状 1

2.1解磷微生物的定义及分类 1

2.2解有机磷微生物研究简史 1

2.3解磷细菌的作用 2

2.4解磷细菌的数量 2

2.5解磷细菌的种群结构 3

2.6解磷微生物解磷能力的测定方法 3

2.7解有机磷微生物的解磷机理研究 4

2.8解磷微生物的应用 5

第二章 材料与方法 7

1．材料 7

1.1土样采集 7

2．方法 7

2.1细菌的分离与纯化 7

2.2固体培养条件下解有机磷细菌解磷能力测定 8

2.3液体培养条件下解有机磷细菌解磷能力测定 8

2.4绘制磷标准曲线，计算解磷量 8

2.5绘制细菌JX7和JX18生长曲线 9

2.6不同时间下菌株JX7和JX18解磷能力比较 9

第三章结果与分析 10

1．解有机磷细菌的分离与筛选 10

2．复筛结果 11

2.1绘制解磷标准曲线 11

2.2液体培养条件下解磷能力的测定 12

2.3解磷结果 12

3．解有机磷细菌生长曲线 13

4．培养时间对解有机磷细菌解磷的影响 14

4.1培养时间对菌株JX7解磷的影响 14

4.2培养时间对菌株JX18解磷的影响 15

第四章 全文总结和创新点 17

1．结论与讨论 17

2．有待于进一步研究的问题 17

3．本研究创新点 18

4．展望 18

致 谢 19

参考文献： 20

第一章 文献综述

1．磷的重要性及土壤中磷的概况