绣球花和紫萼落叶过程的叶色变化研究毕业论文

 2021-04-20 11:04

摘 要

为分析观赏植物绣球花(Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.)Seringe)和紫萼(Hosta ventricosa (Salisb.)Stearn)两种植物秋季叶衰老过程中颜色变化和叶片中光合色素、可溶性糖含量变化趋势,选取了南京林业大学校园中的绣球花和紫萼作为实验材料,观察其叶片颜色变化和测定了叶绿素、可溶性糖含量。全部实验共分17次采样观察拍照,共拍摄照片369张。分析采用GIMP和ImageJ图像分析软件进行图像分析,Excel和R进行数据处理。结果表明秋季叶片变黄需要一定的温差和低温。研究结果表明:在温度下降6℃左右的时候,绣球花和紫萼叶变黄的速度会加快。在持续的低于或等于5℃的低温会使绣球花叶子冻住,不再变黄而直接脱落。绣球花和紫萼在秋季叶变色的过程中,叶绿素含量变化是一致的,都是逐渐降低,而类胡罗素,绣球花在叶变色的时候是逐渐降低的。紫萼是先上升后下降。其中叶绿素含量在全绿到黄25%面积过程中下降最快。因此,温度是影响植物衰老的显著环境因子之一,同时绣球花和紫萼秋季叶色变化是叶绿素和类胡萝卜素共同作用的结果,它们是引起两种植物变色的主要色素。

关键词:观赏植物;绣球花;紫萼;观测;光合色素;可溶性糖

Study on leaf color change of hydrangea and Hosta ventricosa leaves

ABSTRACT

In order to analyze the color change and the change trend of photosynthetic pigment and soluble sugar content in the leaves of the ornamental plants of Hydrangea chinensis and Hosta ventricosa in Nanjing Forestry University, the Hydrangea chinensis and Hosta ventricosa in the entrance of College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University were selected as experiments. Materials, observed changes in leaf color and determination of chlorophyll and soluble sugar content. All the experiments were divided into 17 sampling observation photos, a total of 369 photos were taken.Both of GIMP and ImageJ image analysis software were used for image analysis, while Excel and R were used for data processing.The results showed that the yellowing of autumn leaves required a certain temperature difference and low temperature. In this experiment, it is found that when the temperature dropped by about 6 °C, the speed of yellowing of Hydrangea and sage leaves would increase. A continuous low temperature of 5 ° C or lower caused the leaves of the Hydrangea to freeze and no longer turned yellow and fall off directly. During the process of discoloration of Hydrangea and Hosta ventricosa, the chlorophyll content was consistent and gradually decreased. For arboroids, Hydrangea was gradually reduced when the leaves were discolored, and sable was first increased and then decreased. . Among them, the chlorophyll content decreased the fastest in the whole green to yellow 25% area. Comprehensive analysis showed that temperature was one of the significant environmental factors affecting plant senescence. At the same time, the leaf color change of Hydrangea and Hosta ventricosa was the result of the interaction of chlorophyll and carotenoid, and it was the main pigment causing discoloration of two plants.

Key words:Ornamental plant; hydrangeHosta ventricosa; observation; photosynthetic pigment; soluble sugar

目 录

一 文献综述 - 1 -

1研究背景 - 1 -

2国内外研究现状 - 1 -

2.1叶片的衰老 - 1 -

2.2植物叶片衰老的外部形态变化 - 1 -

2.3植物叶片衰老的内部生理变化 - 2 -

2.4影响植物叶片衰老的因素 - 4 -

3 图像分析技术在植物学研究中的应用 - 8 -

3.1拍摄前处理 - 8 -

3.2拍摄后处理 - 8 -

4八仙花和紫萼研究现状 - 9 -

4.1八仙花研究现状 - 9 -

4.2紫萼研究现状 - 9 -

5植物衰老研究的目的和意义 - 10 -

二 紫萼和绣球花叶片衰老研究报告 - 11 -

1紫萼和绣球花叶片观测 - 11 -

1.1引言 - 11 -

1.2材料与方法 - 11 -

1.3结果与分析 - 12 -

1.4结论与讨论 - 20 -

2 紫萼和绣球花光合色素测定 - 22 -

2.1引言 - 22 -

2.2材料与方法 - 22 -

2.3结果与分析 - 24 -

2.4结论与讨论 - 29 -

3 紫萼和绣球花糖含量测定 - 31 -

3.1引言 - 31 -

3.2材料与方法 - 31 -

3.3结果与分析 - 33 -

3.4结论与讨论 - 36 -

致 谢 - 37 -

参考文献 - 38 -

一 文献综述

1研究背景

紫萼(Hosta ventricosa (Salisb.)Stearn)又名“紫玉簪”属于百合科,喜爱阴湿的生长环境,常见于林下、草坡、路旁,主要分布在江苏、浙江、安徽和福建等地,各地常见的栽培用途为观赏性,其根状茎粗,叶片形状一般是卵状心形、卵形、椭圆形。该物种在药用、观赏方面的应用还处于起步阶段,可以通过研究玉簪属的生理指标、外观形态等,加大玉簪属的应用[1]

绣球花(Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.)Seringe)又名“八仙花、紫阳花”等,属于虎耳草科绣球属,原产于日本,在中国四川也有发现。它是落叶灌木,树高0.5-1米,叶片呈椭圆形和倒卵形,边缘有齿,也是重要的观赏植物[2]

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