陀螺果扦插繁殖技术探索毕业论文

 2021-04-20 11:04

摘 要

探索陀螺果的开发利用,快速繁殖技术成为一个关键问题。本论文通过三因素四水平的正交试验、剪叶处理对比试验以及不同基质对比试验,从外部因素出发初步探索适合陀螺果的扦插繁殖方法。通过观察生根发育过程、不定根长度与生根率等,探索生根类型,根发生的位置,分析所得数据并得出最有效的扦插繁殖技术。结论如下:

(1)外施生长调节剂有利于陀螺果扦插生根,在本实验所探索的几种生长调节剂中,就生根率而言,以浓度为1000mg/L的IAA IBA NAA (1:1:1)处理30min效果最佳,生根率达到46%;

(2)外源激素种类、外源激素浓度及处理时间对插穗的生根性状均有显著影响,其中外源激素的种类对生根各项指标的影响最大;

(3)剪叶处理对陀螺果的硬枝扦插并无促进作用;

(4)以珍珠岩为基质的插穗生根的各方面指标都高出土壤;

(5)陀螺果插穗生根类型属于皮部生根型。

关键词:陀螺果;扦插繁殖;生根进程观察;最佳技术组合

The exploration on propagation technology of Melliodendron xylocarpum

ABSTRACT

To explore the development and utilization of Melliodendron xylocarpum,rapid reproduction technology has become a key issue.The project is to explore the appropriate cutting propagation method of Melliodendron xylocarpum preliminarily from the external factors by three factor four levels the orthogonal experimental,leaf cutting treatment contrast experiment and comparison of different matrix experiment. By observing the formation of adventitious root and its development,rooting rate and the length of adventitious root,to explore the type and the position of rooting, analyzing experimental data and dicussing rooting mechanism by internal factors and the most effective cutting propagation technology.Conclusions are as follows:

(1) Growth regulators improve the rooting rate of M. xylocarpum cuttings. The best regulator for rooting rate is the combination of IAA IBA NAA (1:1:1), and the best concentration for rooting rate is 1000mg/L, the best treating time for rooting rate is 30min; The highest rooting of hardwood in this experiment is 46%;

(2) Type of exogenous hormones, exogenous hormone concentration and treatment time affected the rooting rate significantly, and the type of exogenous hormones has the top impact on the rooting rate;

(3) Cut the leaves didn’t improve the rooting rate of the hardwood cuttings;

(4) As a substrate with perlite rooting various indicators are higher than the soil;

(5) M. xylocarpum is the plant of the surface root type by preliminary judgment.

Key words:Melliodendron xylocarpum ;cutting propagation;rooting observation;the most effective pairing

目 录

1 文献综述…………………………………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 前言………………………………………………………………………………………………1

1.2 关于陀螺果的研究现状…………………………………………………………………………2

1.2.1 国内研究现状………………………………………………………………………………2

1.2.2 国外研究现状……………………………………………………………………………2

1.3 安息香科植物扦插繁殖的研究进展……………………………………………………………2

1.4 扦插繁殖的主要影响因素………………………………………………………………………3

1.4.1 外源激素……………………………………………………………………………………3

1.4.2 芽和叶的保留………………………………………………………………………………4

1.4.3 扦插基质……………………………………………………………………………………4

1.4.4 环境因子……………………………………………………………………………………5

1.5 扦插繁殖的形态解剖学研究进展………………………………………………………………5

2 研究内容及目的…………………………………………………………………………………………6

3 研究方法…………………………………………………………………………………………………7

3.1 预处理……………………………………………………………………………………………7

3.2 生长调节剂种类、不同浓度及不同处理时间试验………………………………………………7

3.3 剪叶处理对比试验………………………………………………………………………………7

3.4 不同基质对比试验………………………………………………………………………………8

3.5 插后管理…………………………………………………………………………………………8

3.6 数据采集与分析…………………………………………………………………………………8

4 结果与分析………………………………………………………………………………………………9

4.1生长调节剂种类、浓度及处理时间对扦插生根的影响……………………………………………9

4.2不同处理对陀螺果硬枝扦插生根率的影响………………………………………………………11

4.3剪叶处理对陀螺果硬枝扦插生根的影响…………………………………………………………12

4.4不同基质对陀螺果硬枝扦插生根的影响…………………………………………………………13

4.5生根进程外部观察…………………………………………………………………………………14

结论………………………………………………………………………………………………………15

致谢………………………………………………………………………………………………………20

参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………………21

1 文献综述

1.1 前言

陀螺果(Melliodendron xylocarpum)果实形似陀螺,故名陀螺果,又叫水冬瓜、鸦头梨[1],为安息香科(Styracaceae)陀螺果属(Melliodendron)植物,为我国特有植物[2]。产云南东南部、四川南部、贵州、广西(东南部除外)、湖南、广东中部以北、江西和福建。生于海拔1000—1500米山谷、山坡湿润林中。

陀螺果属有白花陀螺果和粉花陀螺果两种,其果实子房为2/3下位,可能是安息香科子房上位向子房下位演化的一个过渡种,在进化学上具有特殊研究意义;高效低廉的繁殖技术对于该树种生物多样性保护具有重要意义。

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